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chemical<\/strong>: A substance formed from two or more atoms that unite (bond) in a fixed proportion and structure. For example, water is a chemical made when two hydrogen atoms bond to one oxygen atom. Its chemical formula is H_{2<\/sub>O. Chemical also can be an adjective to describe properties of materials that are the result of various reactions between different compounds.<\/p>\n}

climate<\/strong>: The weather conditions that typically exist in one area, in general, or over a long period.<\/p>\n

climate change<\/strong>: Long-term, significant change in the climate of Earth. It can happen naturally or in response to human activities, including the burning of fossil fuels and clearing of forests.<\/p>\n

concentration<\/strong>: (in chemistry) A measurement of how much of one substance has been dissolved into another.<\/p>\n

condense<\/strong>: To become thicker, denser or to distill out the essence of something. This can occur, for instance, when moisture evaporates out of a liquid. Condense also can mean to change from a gas or a vapor into a liquid. (This can occur when water molecules in the air join together to become droplets of water.)<\/p>\n

crop<\/strong>: (in agriculture) A type of plant grown intentionally grown and nurtured by farmers, such as corn, coffee or tomatoes. Or the term could apply to the part of the plant harvested and sold by farmers.<\/p>\n

disk<\/strong>: A round, flat and usually fairly thin object.<\/p>\n

drought<\/strong>: An extended period of abnormally low rainfall; a shortage of water resulting from this.<\/p>\n

engineer<\/strong>: A person who uses science and math to solve problems. As a verb, to engineer means to design a device, material or process that will solve some problem or unmet need.<\/p>\n

freshwater<\/strong>: A noun or adjective that describes bodies of water with very low concentrations of salt. It\u2019s the type of water used for drinking and making up most inland lakes, ponds, rivers and streams, as well as groundwater.<\/p>\n

gel<\/strong>: A gooey or viscous material that can flow like a thick liquid.<\/p>\n

greenhouse<\/strong>: A light-filled structure, often with windows serving as walls and ceiling materials, in which plants are grown. It provides a controlled environment in which set amounts of water, humidity and nutrients can be applied \u2014 and pests can be prevented entry.<\/p>\n

humidity<\/strong>: A measure of the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere. (Air with a lot of water vapor in it is known as humid.)<\/p>\n

hydrogel<\/strong>: A \u201csmart\u201d polymer-based material that can change its structure in response to its environment, such as the local temperature, pH, salt or water concentration. The polymers that make up a hydrogel have water-attracting ends sticking out. Those ends help hydrogels latch onto molecules of water. Some hydrogels are used in baby diapers to hold urine. Others are added to potting soils to hold water near to plants until they need it. Still others may be part of wound dressings to prevent a sore from drying out.<\/p>\n

irrigation<\/strong>: Water delivered by artificial means (such as pipes, channels or sprinklers) to help the growth of plants during dry periods.<\/p>\n

lithium<\/strong>: A soft, silvery metallic element. It\u2019s the lightest of all metals and very reactive. It is used in batteries and ceramics.<\/p>\n

mechanical engineer<\/strong>: Someone trained in a research field that uses physics to study motion and the properties of materials to design, build and\/or test devices.<\/p>\n

molecule<\/strong>: An electrically neutral group of atoms that represents the smallest possible amount of a chemical compound. Molecules can be made of single types of atoms or of different types. For example, the oxygen in the air is made of two oxygen atoms (O_{2<\/sub>), but water is made of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (H2<\/sub>O).<\/p>\n}

motor<\/strong>: A device that converts electricity into mechanical motion.<\/p>\n

polymer<\/strong>: A substance made from long chains of repeating groups of atoms. Manufactured polymers include nylon, polyvinyl chloride (better known as PVC) and many types of plastics. Natural polymers include rubber, silk and cellulose (found in plants and used to make paper, for example).<\/p>\n

range<\/strong>: The full extent or distribution of something. For instance, a plant or animal\u2019s range is the area over which it naturally exists. (in math or for measurements) The extent to which values can vary (such as the highest to lowest temperatures). Also, the distance within which something can be reached or perceived.<\/p>\n

salt<\/strong>: A compound made by combining an acid with a base (in a reaction that also creates water). The ocean contains many different salts \u2014 collectively called \u201csea salt.\u201d Common table salt is a made of sodium and chlorine.<\/p>\n

Singapore<\/strong>: An island nation located just off the tip of Malaysia in southeast Asia. Formerly an English colony, it became an independent nation in 1965. Its roughly 55 islands (the largest is Singapore) comprise some 687 square kilometers (265 square miles) of land, and are home to more than 5.3 million people.<\/p>\n

solar<\/strong>: Having to do with the sun or the radiation it emits. It comes from sol<\/em>, Latin for sun.<\/p>\n

water vapor<\/strong>: Water in its gaseous state, capable of being suspended in the air.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

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chemical: A substance formed from two or more atoms that unite (bond) in a fixed proportion and structure. For example, water is a chemical made when two hydrogen atoms bond to one oxygen atom. Its chemical formula is H2O. Chemical also can be an adjective to describe properties of materials that are the result of<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13467,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-13466","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-science"},"yoast_head":"\n